Rotary engine.



J. H. WRITING. ROTARY ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 18, 1912.

Patented Mar.3o,1915.

6 SHEETS-SHEET l.

J. H. WHITING.

ROTARY ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 1a, 1912.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Patented Mar. 30, 1915.

J. H. WRITING.

ROTARY ENGINE.

VAPPLIoAl'IoN FILED JULY 18, 1912.

Patented Mar. 30, 1915.Y

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

,mag/W wm I. H. WHIIING.

ROTARY ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 1s, 1912.

Patented Mar. 30, 1915.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

u NTTnDl s TATEs PATENT onirica.

JOHN II. WHITING, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, AssIGNOR To INTERNATIONAL MOTOR COMPANY, OF vANm PUNXSUTAWNEY, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYI- ROTARY ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented lt/Iag 30, 1915.

Application filed July 18, 1912. Serial N o. 710,111.

New Yorin have invented new and useful Improvements in Rotary Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention, relates vto a rotary engine l which is more particularly designed to be operated by steam but which may also be organized for operation'by an explosive or other pressure medium.

It is the Object of this invention to provide a motor of this Vcharacter in which the expansiveforce of steam'or the like is utilized to greater advantage, in which a comparatively large number of working impulses can be impart-ed to the piston during each rotary movementvthereoffwhich permits Of obtaining a larger amount of power from a given quantity of steam or other pressure medium, which is so designed that undue friction and wear is reduced to a minimum and the engine` may be run a comparatively long time 4without requiring repairs, and` which is so organized that the same can be manufactured at low cost and easily assembled and dismembered for inspection, adjustment `or repairs.

In the accompanying drawings consisting of5 sheets :Figure 1 is a front elevation of a rotary steam engine embodying my im-v provements. Fig. 2 is a side elevation there- 1 of. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary vertical 'section of the governor mechanism .taken 1n line BfS-,Fig` 1. Fig.-4 is a vertical transverse section,;on an enlarged scale. of the engine takenin line 4 1, Fig.,5. Fig, 5 is a vertical longitudinal section taken in line 5 5, Fig. 4.' Fig. 6 is a fragmentary vertical 'section taken on thesame lineasFig. 5 but showing-the piston and associated parts omitted. Fig.7 is a vvertical transverse section takenin line ZT-7 Fig. 5. Fig. 8 is a detached side 'elevation `of the piston of the engine. Fig. 9-is asfragmentary longitudinal section takeninf line 9-.9, Fig. 4. Fig. 10 is ay fragmentary sectional perspective 1 view showing one of the valves for controlling'the :admission ofvsteamvor other pres sure 4to vv,one of 1the pressure cylinders or chambers. Fig. yllis a fragmentary longif tudinal sectiontaken in line 11v`11, Fig. 4. Figs. 12 and 13 are detached perspective views Ofa pair of'oppositely'i arranged pis;-

ton blades or wings. Fig. 14 is a sectional perspective view of one of the rockers or trunnions whereby each piston blade is pivotally and slidably mounted on the piston. Fig. 15 is a fragmentary longitudinal section taken in line 15-15, Fig. 4.

Similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

In its preferred form the inclosing cylinder, shell, casing or housing of this engine comprises a cylindrical body 1 which is mounted at its lower end on a supporting base or bed 2 and front and rear heads 3, 4 which are detachably secured to' the front and rear ends of the body by means of bolts 5, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 4 and 5 or by any other suitable means.

The main shaft 6 of the engine is arranged concentrically relatively to the body and heads of the casingV and is `journaled in bearings 7, 7 arranged on these heads and is provided at one end with a pulley 8 or other means for deli/vering the power of the engine to the parts to be operated. On their inner sides the heads of the casing are provided around the main shaft with eccentric bearings 9 which are preferably formed integrally with the heads, respectively. The axes of the two eccentric bearings are in line and the circular or cylindrical peripheries of the same coincide with each other.

Adjacent to the periphery of these heads the same are provided on their inner sides with annular abutment flanges 10 the outer or peripheral sides of which are arranged concentrically with the axis of the main shaft and are separated from the bore of the casing by an intervening annular channel or space, while the inner side or bore of each of these abutment flanges is of circular form butv arranged eccentrically with reference to the axis of the main shaft and the body of Athe cylinder but concentrically with referthick on one side of the main shaft and comparatively thin on the other side of this shaft, the thickest portion by preference being located below the shaft and forming an abutment 12, while the thinnest part is arranged above the same, as shown in Fig. 4.

Within the casing and rotatable with the main shaft is a piston drum or rotor which comprises an 'upright web 13 arranged between the opposing inner edges of the abutment flanges and the eccentric bearings and secured to the main shaft by means of a key or otherwise so as to compel the shaft to turn therewith, and an annular rim 11 arranged at the outer edge of the web and projecting with its front and rear edges forwardly and rearwardly from the web into the annular spaces formed respectively between the front abutment flange and the body of the casing and the rea-r abutment flange and said body, as shown in Fig. 5. At its front and rear edges the rim of the piston bears against the adjacent inner sides of thefront and rear heads, a tight joint being produced between the same by .packings which may be of any suitable construction but which may consist of two annular packing rings 14 arranged in annular grooves 15 formed in the opposite edges of the piston rim, and springs 1 6 arranged in pockets formed in the piston rim behind the packing rings and operating to press the latter yieldingly against the opposing faces of the casing heads, as shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 8. The inner side of the piston rim is constructed concentrically v with the main shaft and engages with the correspondingly concentric peripheries of' theabutment flanges while the outer side or periphery of the piston rim is also formed concentrically with the main shaft and engages with the bore of the casing body, as shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 6. Between` the central and peripheral parts of the web of the piston the same is provided with two annular driving flanges 18 arranged on opposite sides of said web and referably formed integrally therewith. T ese driving flanges have their eripheries arranged concentrically with re erence to the main shaft and engage the lower or undersides of their peripheries with the abutments on the inner sides of the thick lower parts of =the abutment flanges, thereby producing two crescentshaped pressure spaces or steam chambers, one between the upper part of the periphery lof each driving flange and ythe upper part of each abutment flange.

19, 19 represent two annular rows of piston wings or blades the two rows being arranged on opposite sides of the web of the iston or rotor and the members'of each set eing arranged radially with reference to the axes of the eccentric bearings and distributed' equdistantharound the same;l Although the the casing head soas to divide the crescentshaped space between the periphery of each driving flange and its companion abutment flange into a plurality of curved pressure pockets. At its horizontal inner edge or end each piston blade is provided with a controlling ring 20 which is mounted on a cylindrical bushing or sleeve 21 which is in turn journaled upon the periphery of the adjacent eccentric bearing of the casing, as shown for instance in Figs. 3, 5 and j7. All of the controlling rings of the same set of piston blades are mounted side by side on the same eccentric bearing of the casing and in order to permit of such an arrangement and still enable the several piston blades t0 occupy the same -position relatively to the companion driving flange and the abutment,

flange with which they coperate the several controlling rings are mounted or formed on the inner ends'of the blades at different places in a direction lengthwise of the main shaft and of the eccentric bearings. By means of this eccentric connec tion of the several blades of each set'with the respective eccentric bearing, the outer ends of these blades are always held in a definite position relatively to the eccentric bore of the abutment flanges, whereby these blades upon rotating bodily with the piston or rotor are caused to slide radially in the driving flanges of the piston. Moreover by pivotally connecting the blade with the casing in the manner shown and described the same are balanced so far as centrifugal action is concerned, thereby reducing the friction of the blades against centrically with the driving flanges and secured to the outer edges of the same by bolts 23, or otherwise and each of which is seated in a cylindrical recess 24 formed on the inner side of one of the casing heads within the' abutment flange thereof, as shown in Figs. 5 and 7. A tight-joint is produced bctween each retainingring 22 and the inner side of the adjacent head of the casing by a packing ring 34 arranged in an annular groove in the respective head and pressed yieldingly against the outer edge of\ the retaining ring by springs 36 arranged between the packing ring and head, as shown inAFigs. 5, 10 and 12.

25 .represents a plurality of oscillating trunnions or rockers each of which as a whole is preferably constructed of cylindrical form and provided with two longitudinal slots 26, 26 arranged at opposite ends thereof, as shown in Fig. 14. Each` of these rockers is 'arranged in a bearing formed by coinciding cylindrical openings`27, 28 formed in the web and its driving flanges and the retaining rings, as shown in Figs. 5 and 15. The openings 28 in the retaining rings stop short of the outer sides of the latter so that the trunnion is conned against axial movement in its bearing. Each of the trun'nions preferably comprises two longitudinal segmental side bars 30, 30,

two end disks or pieces 31, 3 1 connecting corresponding ends of the side bars, and an intermediate web or cross piece 32 connecting the side bars between the end disks, so as to form the slots 26, 26. A steam tight joint is formed between each blade and its trunnion by packing strips or bars 33 arranged in recesses onthe inner sides ofthe side bars and pressed against opposite sides of the blade by springs 35 seated in pockets in the inner sides of side bars and bearing against the back sides of the packing strips, as shown in Figs. 4 and 15.

The members of each pair of piston blades engaging with the same trunnion are held in their proper position within the steam spaces by means of a coupling pin 37 which is arranged parallel with the axis o f the main shaft and passes with its central part. through an oval-shaped opening 38 in the web 13 while its opposite ends are seatedin tubular sockets 39 formed on the companion blades between their inner ends and the con-v trolling rings thereof. As the blades move bodily in a circular path within the steamv spaces the same, owing to their eccentric connectionvwith the casing, slide radially in the trunnions and rock with .the same and each of the coupling pins thereof lmoves-in an oval orbit within its respective opening in the web, thereby permitting these parts to freely assume the different lpositions due to the changing relation without causing binding or interference which the centrifugal force would cause if they were suspendf ed entirely individually.

The steam or other motive agent for driving the enginevis admitted to power chambers or steam spaces by two inlet ports 40, 40 arranged in the abutment langesin front of theabutments thereof while .the spent base.

these chambers by exhaust outlets 41, 41 arranged invabutment flanges in rear of the abutments thereof. The admission of steam through' each of the inlet ports is controlled by an oscillating steam inlet'valve `42 which is arranged in a cylindrical valve chamber 43 formed in the respective 4abutment iange and communicating on its inner side with the adjacent steam port. This steam valve derives its motion from the main shaft and is so operated that itv opens the steam port immediately after each blade passes forwardly beyond the steam port and then closes said port before'the next blade reaches thel steam port, and *then again opens said port when the next blade has passed the port vand closes the latter by the time the last mentioned blade has reached the steam port,

this operation being repeated for each blade. 'i'he steam valves of both steam chambers are rocked in unison for this purpose the preferred connection between the same comprising valve stems 44, 44 projecting from,

said valves outwardly through stufling boxes 45, 45 in the heads of the casing, a longitudinal rock shaft 46 journaled horizontally in bearings 47 on the exterior of the casing,

and links 48 each connecting a rock arm 49 The opening o each steam 'valve always l occurs immediately after a blade passes forwardly beyond the same but the time of closing the same varies in order to permit of obtaining the benefit of the expansion of the steam and also for regulating the speed of the engine.` A governor mechanism is vtherefore provided for operating the steam valves by motion derived from the main shaft which mechanism is preferably constructed as follows 'Referring to Figs. l, 2 and 3, 54 represents a governor shaft arranged parallel with the main shaft and journaled in ay standard 5 5 rising from the This governor shaft is operatively connected with the main shaft so that the governor shaft makes thuree rotations in the case of six pairs of blades for every rotation.l of the main shaft, or half as many as there are pairs of blades, this being preferably effected by means of a pinion 56 mounted on the governor shaft and meshing 'with a gear wheel 57 on the main shaft, said lll@ gear wheel having a pitch diameter three times that of the pinion, as shown in Figs. l and 2. At its outer end the governor shaft 1s provided with a rotatable support 29 which is preferably constructed to form a 'fly wheel and which turns in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 1. On its outer side this 'I Hy wheel is provided with a primary crank pin 58 the axis of which is on one side of the governor shaft but parallel therewith. On

l this primary crank pin is pivotally mounttween the primary crank collar and-the wheel ,o

The distancefrom the axis of the govv ernor shaft to the axis'of the pivotal connection between the flywheel and the primary crank ollar is the same as the distance from the axis of this pivotal connection to the axis of the secondary crank pin. It follows from this construction that by turning the primary crank collar outwardly on the primary crank pin the secondary crank pin will be Vcarried away from the axis of the governor shaft and thereby produce a crank effect upon anything connected with the secondary crank pin, while upon turning the primary crank collar inwardly. on the primary crank pin the axis of the secondary crank pin may be brought in^line with the axis of the governor shaft, so that the secondary crank pin is neutral, notwithstanding that the same turns, whereby anyv parts connected with the secondary crank pin will be held at rest at this time.

The secondari7 crank pin is operatively 4315 connected with the steam valves by a rock arm 61 arranged on the adjacent part of the valve rock shaft 46 and a pitman or connecting rod 62 pivotally connected at one end with the rock arm 61 while its other end is pivotally mounted on the secondary crank pin 60. The primary crank collar is moved inthe direction for carryin the secondary crank pin toward the axis o the governor shaft by means of a governor weight or lever 68 which is pivoted on the iy wheel and conl nected by a link 64 with the primary crank collar and .the reverse movement of the latter for causing the secondary crank pin to move away from the axis of the governor shaft is produced by a spring 65 connecting the governor weight with the adjacent part ofthe fly wheel.

When the engine is at rest the governor lever or weight is held in its innermost position by means of the spring 65 and the secondary crank pin is arranged farthest from the axis of the governor shaft, whereby the maximum throw of the secondary crank pin is obtained and the steam valves'- 60 are rocked the greatest distance alternately in opposite directions from its central position, and steam is admitted for the longest period of time into steam chambers after each piston blade asses forwardly beyond 5 the delivery end o the steam ports.

crank and also reducing the extent of move- Vment `of the steam valves from opposite sides o-fits central position, whereby thee-admis- As the speed of the engine increasesl the governor or weight lever is thrown outwardly by centrifugal force and causes the primary crank collar to turn on the primary crank pin forwardly and inwardly or in the same direction as that of the governor shaft, whereby the secondary crank pin is 'moved toward the axis ofthe governor shaft, thereby reducing the throw- .of the secondary sion of steam is cut off in the same measure jfrom the steam chambers before the next following blades reach the steam ports.

. from other central position toward one exytremity of its movement and uncover the 90 steam ports and then return to the central position so-'as to shut off the steam supply after which the steam valves move from this central position to the opposite extremity of movement and back again to the -central position.. In thus moving alternately from the central position to opposite extremities of their rocking movement the steam valves admit steam to` -the stea-m chambers immediately behind successive pairs of blades but cut off the steam at variable points before each pair of blades move forward equal to the distance between two pairs of blades, whereby the steam admitted between adjacent pairs of blades is permitted to operate Iby its expansion on 'these blades during the bodily rotary movement of the same'and thus obtain greater efficiency or powerv development for a given steam pressure. This governor mechanism is substantially the same as that shown and described in my pending application No. 668,235, filed December 28, 1911.

The outlet or exhaust of each steam chamber connects with an exhaust pipe 66 and is 115 preferablylprovided with an initial exhaust port 67, an intermediate exhaust port 68, and a final exhaust port 69, which are arranged in a circumferential row in the bore of each abutment ange and communicate successively with the pockets between the blades of a row in the order named. As `each steam pocket reaches the initial exhaust port a part of the spent steam escapes,

which amount is increased upon reaching the'intermediate exhaust port and then totally discharged upon passing the inal exhaust port. The several ports of each of the exhaust passages or outlets are narrower than the widthl of the blades so as to4 pre- 110 .of the blades maart/a vent the latter from catching in these ports when passing over the same. port is nearly as wide as the blades but the same is made of V-shaped form so as to pre" sent forwardly converging oblique edges '76, 70 which operate to remove from the edges y any dirt or sediment adhering thereto' and discharge the same into the exhaust without liability of the blades becoming caught, thereby keeping the interior of the steam spaces clear of grit and preventing undue wear upon the internal working parts. It will be'noted that by this means of operating the steam valves the supply 'of steam is governed separately and individually for each of the blades so as to-obtain a compounding engine by the use of but a single casing or cylinder, thereby greatly rediicing the condensation surface and bach pressure and also reducing the cost of buildgines in which more than one cylinder or steam space isemployed and the steam is delivered from one cylinder to another.

In van engine constructed in accordance with this invention any degree of compounding may be obtained.` When only two blades are employed it simply forms a high pressure engine but when a greater number of blades are employed in each annular row the steam is used expansively, a double expension being obtained by the'use of four blades, triple expansion when using sia blades and'so on to possibly ten fold expansion by using twenty blades, thus obtaining practically the extreme limit` of steam expansion vwhile itis still dry and has passed throughv but one steam chamber.

The peculiar manner of mounting and lcontrolling the blades' permits of a larger number of blades to be practically used in i a single cylinder and .this permits of' increasing the. ratio of .expansion inasmuch as the pressure chamber is by this means" divided into smaller sections each of which is of comparatively small capacity when taking steam but much greater' capacity when exhausting the spent steam. A greater steam "ist obtained and therefore works with the r the shaft 'the steam pressure between the 5 isequalized after. the blades passl beyond number of pulses are therefore obtained uring each rotation of the piston and a steadier'running engine is produced. Furthermore bythe use of more than two blades in an annular ronT in connection with the governing mechanism which advances the steam cut-oil; the steam clearance is reduced tozero, and the maximum expansion of the which practically is always at boiler pressure and exerts its full power at the outer extremities of the blade leverage. ln order to avcidlateral premure against periphery of the flanges and the rim The 'al' ing as compared with other compound er1- the valve therein and the the steam inlet ports this being preferably edected by providing the bore of each counter-balancing rim with an annular row of pockets or recesses 7l into which steam is admitted from the steam chambers by passages 72 formed radially in the inner edge of each abutment vflange and extending to the periphery thereof so as to open into the equalizing pockets as shown in Fig. Ll.

At the same time that steam passes from the We valve chamber 43 through the port t0 into the pressure chamber steam is also delivered from the valve chamber into pocket 71 of the rim by an equalizing steam port 81 formed in the outer part ol the valve chamber,

aiding in neutralizing the lateral pressure the adjacent as .shown in Figs. l and 5, thereby against the main shaft. Any water in said cumferential drain grooves 73 which open at' their lower parts'in a catch basin 74C having a drip cock 75 at one end thereof. Any water of condensa-tion which may creep around the edges of the counter balancing rim enters the grooves 73 and is conducted` by the latter intothe basin 7l from which f the same may cock 75.

b'.lhe contact surfaces between the driving flange" and the abutment of the abutment be removedby opening the .flanges is lubricated by supplying oil to the vbore of the abutment through the lubricating passage 76 arranged in rear of the abutment. 'lhe oil thus supplied is picked up by transverse oilspreading grooves 77 formed in the periphery of the driving flange in rear'of each blade which spreading grooves carry the oil over the abutment and deposit the same in one ormore oil catching grooves between the steam inlet port and the abutment, thereby forming an oil seal which prevents the steam from passing directly from the steam supply side to the exhaust side of the steam chamber.

Uil is introduced through passages 79, 79 in the eccentric bearings for lubricating the main bearings, packings, blade bushings, blade hinges, trunnions, and all internal parts of the engine to which the oil can be delivered .by centrifugal action. 1

lll@

Each of the valve chambers is 'supplied with oil through the `port 80 for lubricating valve stem and lllti 78 formed in the bore of the abutment Harige packing thereof, and the bottom of this chamber has a passage 81- for conducting the oil to the joint betweentlie periphery of theweb for forming with, the casing two pres- `sure chambers, theV piston having driving flanges arranged concentrically relatively toV the bore of said casing and the latter having eccentric abutment flanges forming abutments which are engaged by saiddriving flanges, blades mounted on said driving flanges and engaging the bore of said abutf ment Hanges, and means for adi nitting a live pressure medium'into saidl pressure chambers on one side of said abutments and for exhausting the spent pressure medium. from the said chambei'son the other side of.

said abutments.

f a web for forming with the casing two t its bore arranged concentricallywith thev 2. A rotary engine comprising a` casing, a piston rotatable centrally within said casing and provided between its ends with pressure chambers, the piston having driving flanges arranged concentrically relatively to the bore' of said casing and the latter having eccentric abutment flanges forming abutments which are engaged by said driving flanges, blades mounted, onv said driving flanges and engaging the bore o'said abutment flanges, means forl -mount'- ing said blades on'the casing so as to turn eccentrically relatively to said piston, and

means for admitting a live pressure medium into said pressure chambers on one side of l s aid'abutments and for exhausting the spent pressure medium from the said chambers on the other side of said abutments.

3. A rotary engine comprising a casing, a piston rotatable centrally within said casing and provided 'between its ends with a web for forming with thcasing two pressure chambers, the piston having driving flanges arranged concentrically relatively to the bore of said casing and the latter'having eccentric abutment flanges forming abut# ments which are engaged by said driving flanges, blades mounted on said driving liang'es, and engaging the bore of said abutment flanges, means for mounting said blades' on the casing so as to turnv eccentrically relatively to said piston, means for permitting said blades to rock and slide on said peripheral portions of the piston and means forv admitting a live pressure medium into said pressure chambers on onel side of said abutments and for exhausting the spent pres# sure medium from the said chambers on the other side of said abutments. 4;. A rotary engine comprising a casing provided at its opposite ends with Vtwo main mg and provided between its ends with a bearings andtwo circular abutment flanges which hav@ their inner sides arranged ec' abutment flanges for forming .two 'pressure chambers with said casing and provided on opposite sides. with driving flanges which are arranged concentrically relatively to said shaft and engage at ltheir'periphery with abutments on'near parts of thebore of said abutment flanges, blades mounted movably on said driving flanges and engaging with said abutment flanges, and means for supplying and exhausting ,a motive agent to andfrom the spaces between said driving flanges and abutment flanges on opposite.

sides .of said. abutments.

5. A rotary engine comprising a casing provided at its ends with main bearings, la bore concentric with the axis of said bearings, eccentric bearings on the inner sides of its' ends, vand abutment flanges on the inner sides of its ends each of said abutment flanges having its periphery arranged concentrically with the bore of the casing-and adjacent eccentric bearing, a shaft journaled Ain saidl bearings,"a piston secured to said shaft and having a web arranged between said abutment flanges and eccentric bearings for forming two pressure chamberswith said casing and provided .on its opposite sides with driving flanges each of which has its periphery arranged concentricallyy laterally with its opposite edges in to the spaces between the abutment flanges and the bore of the casing, and piston blades' i.

pivotally mounted on said eccentric bear,

ings and projecting through said driving4 flanges into engagement with the bore"of said abutment flanges.

6. A rotary engine comprising a casing provided at its ends with main bearings, 'a

bore concentric with the-axis of said bear` ings, eccentric bearings on the inner sides of its ends, and abutment flanges on the inner sides of its ends eachof saidv abutment 1 flanges having its periphery,v arranged concentrically with the bore of thecasing and its bore arranged concentrically with the adjacent eccentric bearing, a shaftjournaled 1 insad bearings, aV piston secured to said shaft and having awebarranged between' said abutment flanges and eccentric bearings for forming two pressure chambers with said 'casing` and providedon its oppo-..

site sides with driving flanges each of` which -has its `periphery 'arranged concentrically relatively to the bore of the casing and engaging an abutment on the near part of the l adjacent-abutment flange and said webbeprovided at its ends wi-th said' eccentric .bearings ing also provided at its outer edge with an -annular rimwhich projects laterally with' boreconcentric with theaxis of said bearings, eccentric bearings on the inner sides of its ends, and abutment flanges on the inner sides ofi' its ends .each of said abutment flanges having its periphery arranged concentrically with theV bore ofthe; casing and its bore arranged concentrically with l the adjacent eccentric bearing, a shaft jourtween said abutment .flanges and'ecc'entric bearings .for forming' two" pressure chaml through said driving inner sides of itsends each of said abut-l na'led insaid.b= arings, a piston secured to saidl shaft and 'havmg a' web arranged bebers with said casing and-provided' on vits opposite s1des'w1thdr1v1ng flanges each of which has its periphery arranged concentri` callyrelatively to thebore of the'casing andengaging an abutment on the near part of the adjacent," abutment flange and said web being also provided at its outer edge with an annular rim which projects laterally with its opposite edges intovthe spaces between the abutment flanges and the bore of the casing, piston blades pivotally mounted on said eccentric bearing and projecting flanges into-engagement with the bore of said abutment flanges and means for permitting a rocking andsliding movement of each of saidblades in its driving flange ycompr1s1n'g `a trunnion journaled in the respective drivingV flangeV and provided'v with a longitudinal slot which receives said blade. l

8. A rotary engine comprising a casing provided at its ends with main bearings, abore-concentricv with the axis of said bearings, eccentric bea-rings on the innerl sides of its ends, and abutment flanges on the ment flanges having its periphery arranged concentrically with the bore of the casing and' its bore arranged concentrically with the adjacenteccentric bearing, a sha-ft jour- Y naled in Said bearings, a piston secured to 60 said shaft and having a web arranged between said abutment flanges and eccentric bearings for forming two pressure chambers with said casing and provided on its opposite sides with driving flanges each o f which has its periphery arranged eccentr1- main bearings, a l

cally relatively to the bore of the casing and engaging an abutment on the near part of the adjacent abutment flange and said web being also provided at its outer edge with an annular rim which projects laterally with its opposite edges into the spaces ,be-

tween the abutment flanges and the bore of .the casing, piston blades projecting through said driving flanges into engagement with the bore of' 'said abutment flange and provided at their inner ends with controllingA rings which are journaled on the peripheries of said eccentric bearings.

9. A rotary engine comprising a casing 'provided at its ends with main bearings, a

bore concentric with the axis of said bearings, eccentric bearings on the inner s1des of Vits ends, and abutment flanges on the inner sides of its en ds each of said abutment flanges having its periphery arranged concentr/ically with the bore of the casing and its bore Varranged. concentrically with the adjacent eccentric bearing` a shaft journaled in saidvbearmgs, a piston secured to said shaft and having a web arranged between saijd abutment flanges and eccentric bearingsl for forming two pressure chambers with' said .casing and provided on its `oppositesides with driving flanges each of 'which has its peripherv'arranged concentrically relatively to the bore of the casing and l engaging an abutment on the near part of. the adjacent'abutment flange and said web "beingl also'provided at its outer 'an annular rim which projects edge with v laterally with its opposite edges into the spaces between theabutment. flanges and the bore of the casing, piston blades projecting through said driving flanges linto engage-l ment with the bore of said abutment flanges and provided at their inner ends with controlling rings which are journaled on the peripheries of said eccentric bearings, the

-controllingfrings of the several blades on r one side of the piston being arranged side b v side and the several rings being connected with their companion blades at different places in. al direction lengthwise of the axis of the adjacent eccentric bearing.

10. A rotary engine comprising a casing provided on 'its inner side with eccentric abutment flanges, a piston rotatable within said casing and provided between its ends with a web for dividing thesame into two pressure chambers and provided on its opposite sides with driving flanges and having a 'plurality of oval openings which are arranged m an annular row, two annular rows of blades arranged on opposite sides of the piston and the members of each row projectf ing through one of said driving flanges and pivoted eccentrically on said casing, andy means for coupling corresponding blades of both sets extending through said openings in the piston.

11. A rotary engine comprising a casing provided on its inner side with eccentric abutment flanges, a piston rotatable within vsaid casing and provided between its ends with a web for dividing the same into two pressure chambers and provided on its op` 'posite sides with driving flanges and having ay plurality or oval openings which are arranged in an annular row, two annular rows 4of blades arranged on opposite sides of the piston and the members of each row projectl ing through one of said driving flanges and pivoted eccentrically on said casing and each blade provided at its inner edge with a tubular pocket, and a plurality of coupling pins each projecting through one of said openings in the piston and seated at its ends in I' the pockets of a pair of corresponding blades. i l

I12. A rotary engine comprising a casing v provided on its inner 'side with eccentric abutment flanges, a piston rotatable within said casingand provided between its ends with web -for 'dividing the same into two pressure `vchambers andv provided on its opposite Vsides with driving flanges and having j a plurality of oval openings which are arranged m an annular row, two annular rows of blades arranged onopposite sides of the pistonand the members of each row projecting through one of said driving anges and pivoted cccentrically on said casing, pins connecting adjacent blades and passing through said oval 'openings and means for pivotally and slidingly supporting the corresponding blades of bothl sets on the driving flanges comprising a rock trunnion journale'd in a bearing formed by corresponding circular openings in the web and driving flanges of the piston and having two segmental side bars, two disks connecting the endsof the side bars and a center piece connecting the central parts of the side bars ldit and forming two slots in the trunnion which receive the corresponding blades.

13.- A drotary engine comprising a casing provided on its innerside with .eccentric j abutmentflanges, a piston rotatable within ing through one of said driving flanges and mlthrough said oval openings, retaining rings said casing and provided between its ends with a web for dividing the'same into two pressure chambers 'and provided on its opposite sides with driving flanges and having a I'ilurality-.of oval openings whichv are ar- -ing rings and having two longitudinal slots naled in a bearing formed by co-inciding' circular openings formed in the web and driving iiangcs ofthe piston and the retainwhich receive the blades of a pair.

14:. A rotary engine comprising a casing providedV on its inner side with eccentric abutment flanges, a piston rotatable within said casing and provided between its ends with a web for dividing the same intotwo pressure .chambers and provided on itsL opposite sides with driving flanges and having a plurality of oval openings which are arranged in an annular row, two annular rows of blades arranged on opposite sides `of the piston and the members o each row projecting through one of said driving flanges and l pivoted eccentrically on said casing, pins connecting adjacent blades and passing through said oval openings, retainin rings secured to the outer edges of the 'flangesmeans for pivotally and slidably supporting said blades of both sets in pairs on said piston comprising a plurality7 of.

rocking trunnions each of which is journaled in a bearing formed by coinciding ycircular openings formed in the web and ranged in an annular row, two annular rows l of. blades arranged on opposite sides-of the piston and the members of each row project-` pivoted lecccntrically on said casing, pins connecting adjacent blades and passing secured to the outer .edges of they driving lianges, and means .for pivota-lly and slidably 'supporting said blades of both sets in pairs on said piston comprising a plurality of; `65 rocking trunnicns each of which is jouradjacent eccentric bearing,

driving flanges of the piston-and the retaining rings and having two longitudinal slots which receive the blades of a pair and pack-- arranged on the casing and pressed `yieldingly against the outer sides of the ing rings retaining rings.

15. A rotary engine comprising a casing provided at its ends withmain bearings, a bore concentric with the axis of said bearings,

sides of its ends each of `said abutment flanges having its periphery arranged concentrically with the bore of the casingand itsl bore arranged concentrically with the a shaft journaled in said bearings, a piston secured to said shaft and having a web arranged between said abutment flanges and eccentric bearings for forming two: pressure chambers with said casing and provided on its opposite sides with driving flanges each of which has its periphery arranged concentrically relatively to the bore-of thel casing and4 engagriving l eccentric bearings on the inner sides of its ends, and abutment flanges on theinner ing an. abutment on the near part of the adjacent abutment flange and saidlweb being also provided at its outeredge with an an-.

nular rim which projects laterally with its opposite edges into-the spaces between the' abutment angesand the bore of the casing, piston blades pivotally mounted on said eccentric bearings and projecting through said driving flanges into engagement with the bore of said abutment iange, said abutments being. provided with passages for the pressure medium leading from the bore to the periphery thereof. Y

16. A rotary engine comprising a casing provided at its ends with main bearings, a bore concentric with the axis of said bearings, eccentric bearings on the inner sides of its ends, and abutment flanges on the inner sides of its ends each of said abutment flanges having its periphery arranged concentrically with the bore of the casing and its bore arranged concentrically with the adjacent eccentric bearing, a shaft journaled in said bearings, a piston secured to said shaft and having a web arranged between said abutment flanges and eccentric bearings for forming two pressure chambers with said casing and provided on its opposite sides with driving flanges each of which has its periphery arranged concentrically relatively to the bore of the casing and engaging an abutment on the near part of the adjacent abutment flange and said web being also provided at its outer edge with an annular rim which projects laterally with its opposite edges into the spaces between the abutment flanges and the bore of the casing, piston blades pivotally mounted on said eccentric bearings and projecting through said driving flanges into engagement with the bore of said abutment flanges, said abutments being provided with passages for'the pressure medium leading from the bore to the periphery thereof and the bore of the counterbalancingrim being provided with a plurality of pockets for receiving the pressure medium.

17. A rotary engine comprising a casini! provided at its ends with main bearings, a bore concentricwith the axis of said bearings, eccentric bearings on the inner sides of its ends, and abutment flangeson the inner sides of its ends each of said abutment flanges having its periphery arranged concentrically' with the bore of the casing and its bore arranged concentrically with the adjacent eccentric bearing, a shaft journaled in said bearings, a piston secured to said shaft and having a web arranged between said abutment flanges and eccentric bearings for forming two pressure chambers with said casing and provided on its opposite sides with driving flanges each of which has its periphery arranged eccentrically relatively to the bore of the casing and engaging an abutment on the near part of the adjacent abutment flange and said web being also provided at its outer edge with an annular rim which projects laterally with its opposite edges into the spaces between the abutment flanges and the boreof the casing, piston blades pivotally mounted on said eccentric bearings and projecting through said driving flanges into engagement with the bore of said abutment flanges, the body of the casing being provided with annular grooves for receiving any pressure medium which may creep around the edges of the' rim.

18. A rotary engine comprising a casingbore concentric with the axis of said bea'r ings, eccentric bearings on the inner sides of its ends,'and abutment flanges on the inner sides of its ends each of said abutment anges having its peripher arranged concentrically with the bore o the casing'and its bore arranged concentrically with the adjacent eccentric bearing, a shaft journaled in said bearings, a piston secured to said shaft and having a web arranged between said abutment flanges and eccentric bearings for forming two pressure chambers with said casing and provided on its opposite sides with drivingianges each of which has its periphery arranged concentrically relatively to the bore of the casing and engaging an abutment yon the near part of the adjacent abutment flange and said web being also provided at its outer edge with an annular rim which projects laterally with its opposite edges into the spaces between the abutment flanges and the bore of the casing, piston blades pivotally mounted on said eccentric bearings and projecting through said driving flanges into engagement with the bore of said abutment flanges, the body of the casing being .provided with annular grooves for receiving any pressure medium which may creep around the edges ofthe rim and with a drip chamber or catch basin which connects. with the lower parts of said annular grooves and which is provided with a discharge cock.,

19. A rotary engine comprising a cylinder having a pressure chamber the bore of which is eccentric relativel to the axis of the cylinder and provide with an abutment, va pressure medium inlet 011 oneside of said abutment and an exhaust outlet on the opposite side of the abutment, said exhaust outlet having an initial outlet port, an inter. mediate outlet port and a final outlet porty arranged in a circumferential row, a piston rotatable eccentrically in said pressure chamber, and a plurality of driving blades mounted 'on the piston and engaging their outer ends with the bore of said pressure chamber, said final outlet port being V- shaped and having its sides converging forwardly. I

20. A rotary engine comprising a cylinder provided at opposite ends with two eccentric bores, a. piston rotatable in said cylinder concentrically with the axis thereof and provided with a web between its ends and on opposite sides of said web with two concentric peripheries cwhich face the eccentric bores of the cylinder and each concentric periphery engages one of the eccentric bores on one side of the'latter which forms an abutment, and twosets' of blades eries andy engaging one of the eccentric 1304 bores, said cylinder being provided with an tric bores on one side ofthe'latter which forms an abutment, two sets of blades the active pressure medium on one side of mounted on said piston and each set passing through one of the concentric peripheries and engaging one of the eccentric bores, said cylinder being provided with an inlet for Y each abutment and an outlet for the spent --vanism driven by- -to open said inlet valves after each blade tive pressure medium on the opposite side of each abutment, an inlet valve for each pressure medium inlet, and a governor mechsaid'A piston and operating passes its res ective pressure medium inlet and closes sai inlet valve sooner or later be- ,fore the next following blade of the respecsetreaches the .companion pressure medium inlet.

22. A rotary engine comprising a cylinder provided at opposite ends with two eccentric bores, a piston rotatable in said cylinder concentrically with the axis thereof and provided with a web between its ends and on opposite sldes of said web with two concentricperlpheries which face the'eccentric bores of the cylinder and each concentric periphery engaging one of the eccentric bores on one side o f the latter which forms an abutment, two sets of blades mounted on said piston and each set passingl through one of the concentric periphemes and Venga ng one of the` eccentr1c bores, said `cyhn er being provided with an v inlet for the active pressure medium on one ltot each abutment, a rock valve foreach side of each abutment and an outlet for` the spent pressure medium on the opposite side pressure inlet having a rock arm, a rock shaft havln rock arms connected by links wlth the roc arms of said valves and a gov- 'ernor mechanism driven by the piston and -operating said rock shaft.

engine comprising a cyl- 23. A rotar inder provide at opposite ends with two eccentric bores, a piston rotatable in said cylinder concentrically with the axis there- 'of and provided with a web between its ends and on opposite sides of said web with two inder provided at op concentric peripheries which face the .ecceny tric bores of theicylinder and each concen-I tric periphery engaging one of the eccentric bores on one side of the latter which forms an abutment, two sets of blades mounted on said piston and each set passing through one of the concentric peripheries and engaging one of the eccentricbores, said cylinder being provided with an inlet for the active pressure medium on one side of each abutment and an outlet for the spent pressure medium on the opposite side of each abutment, a valve for each inlet, and means for supplying the pressure medium to each inlet between the ends thereof.

2.4. A rotary engine comprising a cylposite ends with two eccentric bores, a plston rotatable in said cylinder concentrically with the axis thereof and provided lwith a web betweenl its ends and on opposite sides of said web with two concentric peripheries which face the eccentric bores of the cylinder and each concentric periphery engaging one kof the eccentric hores on one side of the latter which forms an abutment, two sets of blades mounted on said iston and each set having more than two blades which pass through one of said concentric peri heries and engage one of said eccentric ores, two rock valves controlling the admission of the pressure medium to said blades, and means for rocking each of said valves once from its central position to back again to the central position for each pair of blades of both sets,

25. A rotary engine comprising a casing having an eccentric internal bearing surface, a piston which rotates in said casing about an axis eccentric with said bearing surface and whichvengages on one side with'said bearing surface, drlvinl flanges `arranged on opposite ends of sai piston, a plurality of rocking trunnions each of which has its opposite ends constructedof cylindrical form and journaled in bearings formed in said driving flanges'and lprovided between its ends with a longitudinal guide slot, and

a plurality ofblades each of which is mounted to turn about an axis which is concentric with said internal, bearing surface but eccentric to the axis of the piston which slides in `the lslot of one of said rocking trunnions and engages its outer end with said internal bearing surface. i

JOHN H. WHITING.

Witnesses: i

Timo. L. Porr, ANNA Hmeis.

one end of its stroke and Witness my hand this 15th day of July, 

